BRAF and melanoma: Vemurafenib-resistant v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF)-mutant melanomas activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling to increase GLUT1/3 and HK2 expression, enhancing glucose uptake and glycolytic flux [36].