In the LA HCM, miR-153-3p, which was present in the healthy LA and increased in the HCM LA, may contribute to the remodeling processes by inhibiting genes of apelin signaling pathways (known to have cardioprotective effects), and mTOR signaling, particularly mTORC1, whose activation leads to cardiac hypertrophy [40,41]. Here, MTOR is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.