Thus, we cannot conclusively support IGFBP-3 as a surrogate marker for gastrointestinal dysfunction in sepsis since we did not assess clinical variables of gut function at baseline [34], the number of bacteremia caused by Enterococci from the gastrointestinal tract (cases [34]) was small, and there were no cases of bacteremia caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci (controls [34]). Here, IGFBP3 is linked to Sepsis.