A consortium of bacterial species—including Fn, Enterotoxigenic bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), Streptococcus gallolyticus (S. gallolyticus), Enterococcus faecalis, toxigenic E. coli (phylogroup B2), Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), and Clostridium septicum (CS)—has been implicated in CRC pathogenesis. The gene discussed is FN1; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.