ERN1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Xue Wu et al. [61] induced an MASLD rat model by HFD, treated with patchouli alcohol (PA), and found that PA can effectively alleviate the pathological process of MASLD by inhibiting protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and Inositol-Requiring Enzyme 1 (IRE1) and activating ATF6 to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress and increase ApoB-100 secretion, MTP activity, and VLDLR expression and restore VLDL synthesis and efflux.