Although ERK1/2 pathway inhibitors, such as Selumetinib, U0126, PD901, Sorafenib, Ulixertinib, and AZD6244, are still in preclinical or early clinical stages for the treatment of iCCA, their delivery via nanocarriers has not yet been explored as a potential strategy. The gene discussed is MAPK3; the disease is infantile convulsions and choreoathetosis.