Assembloids, advanced 3D cultures combining epithelial cells and CAFs, have been used to study stromal interactions in models of malignant murine gastrointestinal cancers [43], human colon cancer [44], esophageal adenocarcinoma [45], bladder cancer [46], and lung cancer [47], with CAFs cultured in DMEM in most studies. Here, TBX1 is linked to malignant colon neoplasm.