VA alleviates MASLD by suppressing the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory cascade and lowers pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α, while also scavenging ROS, activating the AMPK pathway, and decreasing lipid accumulation to improve IR-related metabolic disorders. Here, NFKB1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.