FUR is subsequently converted to FUMP via uridine kinase (UK), which is then phosphorylated into fluorouridine diphosphate (FUDP) and further into the active metabolites fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP) or fluorodeoxyuridine diphosphate (FdUDP) through ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) FUTP, a fluorinated RNA nucleotide analog, can be mistakenly incorporated into tumor cell RNA, causing RNA damage. Here, NR2E3 is linked to neoplasm.