Among these, 26 genes (CCNA1, CCNA2, CCNB2, CCND1, CCND2, CCND3, CDKN2B, COL1A1, EGFR, EGR1, ELK1, ETS1, ETS2, FOS, GRB2, JUN, MAPK13, MAPK14, MAP2K7, MAP3K1, MAP3K3, MAP4K1, MEF2C, MKNK1, NFATC4, and SFN) exhibited reduced expression, while five genes (CDK6, CHUK, HSPA5, MAPK8IP2, and MAPK9) showed increased expression in FTC compared to PTC samples (Figure 1d) (p ≤ 0.05). Here, HSPA5 is linked to thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 2.