Results revealed that virtual and real infections induced a similar stronger modulation of ILC frequency and activation indexes (evaluated as the differential expression of the activation markers CD25, CD27, CD69, NKp30, NKp44, NKp46, KLRG1, PD1 and HLA-DR) than neutral and fearful avatars (Fig. 2c,d and Supplementary Fig. 8). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and infection.