A pilotstudy involving patients with pancreatic cancer (stages I–III),pancreatitis, and healthy individuals validated its diagnostic performance,showing that changes in EphA2-EV levels reflected treatment responses.With its high-throughput, rapid, and low-cost capabilities, the nPESassay represents a significant advancement in EV-based diagnostics,offering potential applications in early disease detection and real-timetherapeutic monitoring across diverse clinical settings. The gene discussed is EPHA2; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.