Regarding MASLD-HCC pathogenesis, increased interleukin-6 production from Kupffer cells has been observed in males, while estrogen in females suppresses interleukin-6 secretion, leading to attenuated chronic inflammation and reduced hepatocarcinogenesis risk in females.47 Meanwhile, the molecular subgroup of HCA harboring mutations of β-catenin in exon 3 was more frequently observed in males, which is significantly associated with androgen exposure and HCC development.47 Here, IL6 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.