We note many of interest, including the upregulation of glycosaminoglycan keratan synthesis, as well as upregulated PI3K/AKT, Rap1 signaling, and upregulation of gdf6, which has been shown to be highly upregulated in melanoma (Ceol et al., 2011) however, the relationship, if any, between ICER and these pathways is not well understood. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and melanoma.