The combination of MS-20 and an anti-PD1 antibody demonstrated a marked efficacy in the inhibition of tumor growth, accompanied by an augmentation in the total CD8+ T cell population and the activation of CD8+ T cells within the tumor microenvironment. This combination also resulted in the inhibition of PD1 expression, the enhancement of the efficacy of anti-PD1 monotherapy, and the promotion of intra-tumour CD8+ T cell infiltration (59). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.