The role of CEBPD in diabetes is less well understood, but it has been shown that during type 1 diabetes, pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) secreted by infiltrating immune cells alter the expression of key gene networks in β cells, resulting in local inflammation and β cell apoptosis. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is diabetes mellitus.