A recent experiment evaluating STZ-induced signs of diabetic complications in rat employed a unique design which separated protective effects of CXCR1/2 blockade potentially secondary to its effect on β cell function and glycemic control from protective effects of CXCR1/2 blockade due to direct actions on the underlying pathophysiology of neuropathy or retinopathy (147). Here, CXCR1 is linked to retinal disorder.