BRAF and craniopharyngioma: Craniopharyngiomas are divided into adamantinomatous and papillary craniopharyngiomas based on their distinct morphologies and pathogenesis; the former have altered WNT signaling due to mutations that result in nuclear translocation of beta-catenin; the latter harbor activation mutations of BRAF, most frequently resulting in expression of BRAF p.V600E that can be detected by mutation-specific VE1 immunohistochemistry.13,14