A randomized controlled trial in AD patients (n = 33, treatment: n = 18, placebo: n = 15) reported that 6 months of daily supplementation with 2.3 g of omega-3 PUFAs led to a significant increase in CSF NfL levels (P < 0.05), potentially indicating heightened inflammatory activity and axonal damage, with no observed correlation to cognitive function (33). The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is Alzheimer disease.