Additional studies examining other metabolic disorder therapeutics such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists have found these to similarly play a role in nicotine intake and aversion (Tuesta et al. 2017); we additionally have shown modulation of feeding-related hormone circulation following nicotine intake, suggesting a reciprocal relationship between nicotine and feeding regulation that could be explored for future therapeutic targets (Shankar et al. 2024). The gene discussed is GCG; the disease is metabolic disease.