Systemic inflammation, evaluated through the expression of inflammatory cytokines like IL-1B, IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and TNF-a, is upregulated in the acute phase of TBI and impacts clinical outcomes such as mortality [75, 76], the occurrence of infections in the acute and subacute period [62, 70], and functionality [31, 77]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is infection.