Recent studies using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) discovered amyloid fibrils composed of TMEM106B CTF corresponding to residues 120–254 from the brains of aged people ( > ~ 45 years) without known neurological disease as well as subjects with FTLD-TDP and a variety of other neurodegenerative diseases including AD, PD, LBD, progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), and ALS [155–161]. This evidence concerns the gene TMEM106B and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.