PLAUR and Myocardial fibrosis: Other potential candidates include GDF-15 (Growth Differentiation Factor-15), a stress-induced cytokine linked to cardiac strain and inflammation [50,51]; uPAR (soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor), which reflects immune activation and tissue remodeling and has been associated with poor outcomes in trauma [52,53]; and sST2 (suppression of tumorigenicity 2), a marker of myocardial fibrosis and ventricular remodeling, useful in risk stratification [54].