PPARGC1A and metabolic disease: In metabolic regulation, SIRT1 deacetylates transcription factors and coactivators like PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha), influencing mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism as well as insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, making it a target for treating metabolic diseases [16,18,19,20,21].