PCP—Planar Cell Polarity; NTDs—Neural Tube Defects; SB—Spina Bifida; miRNA—microRNA; KCND3—Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily D Member 3; VANGL2—Van Gogh-Like Protein 2Recent advances in miRNA profiling have provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying SB. The gene discussed is KCND3; the disease is spina bifida.