Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), which constitute a heterogenous group of related hematological disorders and mainly affect cells of myeloid lineages [80,81], are caused by clonal mutations such as Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2), thrombopoietin receptor (myeloproliferative leukemia protein; MPL), and Calreticulin (CALR) genes [81,82]. The gene discussed is MPL; the disease is myeloproliferative neoplasm.