CD274 and neoplasm: By feeding refined PD-L1 and TIL measurements or combining PD-L1 with the tumor mutational burden into machine learning models, researchers have achieved superior prediction of ICI responses (AUC 0.77 for TILs/PD-L1 and 0.65 for TMB/PD-L1), notably identifying responders even among PD-L1-negative cases [74].