To investigate if APOC3 is a stronger predictor of CVD risk in individuals with diabetes than in those without diabetes, we analyzed the association of baseline plasma APOC3 measured before CVD events in 5,743 participants in the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), 4,187 of whom had normal fasting glucose levels (below 100 mg/dL), 822 of whom had elevated fasting glucose (100–125 mg/dL), and 724 of whom had type 2 diabetes (fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL). The gene discussed is APOC3; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.