CSF biomarkers for the early stage of AD, such as Aβ42 (one of the two main isoforms of Aβ and a major constituent of Aβ plaques), ratios of these CSF biomarkers (e.g., Aβ42/40), p-tau, and total tau (t-tau), could be used to objectively validate postoperative changes.20, 21, 22Recently, the plasma p-tau 217 immunoassay has been developed to accurately identify biological AD through a blood test.23Hence, a well-designed study with rigorous patient selection and the application of objective biomarkers should be considered for future research. The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.