In vivo studies revealed the strong anti‐HCC effects of the nanosystem via PDT following NIR light irradiation, activation of pro‐apoptotic proteins expression, and regulation of the junB proto‐oncogene (JUNB)/ROS signaling pathway in which, JUNB suppression by NPs contributed to higher rate of ROS generation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and tumor tissue expansion hindrance.132. The gene discussed is JUNB; the disease is neoplasm.