Currently, the most commonly used serum markers for HCC are alpha fetoprotein (AFP), AFP-L3% and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), while the most commonly used serum markers for CCA are carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). Here, AFP is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.