PAK6 and neoplasm: The serum tumor markers (STMs) PAK6, NSE, and ProGRP exhibited superior diagnostic performance, with AUCs of 0.892, 0.834, and 0.935, respectively (95% confidence interval (CI) [0.857–0.927], [0.778–0.890], and [0.909–0.960]), compared to CEA and CA19-9 (AUCs = 0.676 and 0.611, respectively; 95% CI [0.622–0.731] and [0.547–0.675]) (p < 0.01).