Of the 23 cytokines measured in plasma, the following nine increased significantly (all p < 0.01) in the BD group as compared to sham and were included in the further analyses: interleukin-6 (IL-6), KC (IL-8 analogue), IL-12, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, MIP-1β, eotaxin, RANTES and G-CSF (all p < 0.01). This evidence concerns the gene CCL4 and Behcet disease.