To identify the downstream target genes of miR-3059-5p, we performed a comprehensive analysis using the microT, miRDB, and miRWalk databases, along with our previous RNA-seq data on ESCC (GSE263647), which revealed five potential target genes: ANO1, ITGA2, PKP1, SERPINB5, and DSC3 (Fig. 5A). This evidence concerns the gene DSC3 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.