CXCL5 and inflammatory bowel disease: However, absolute levels of secreted TNF‐α, IL‐22, IL‐18, TRAIL, and ENA‐78 were still higher in LPS‐stimulated IBD compared with LPS‐stimulated non‐IBD tissue slices, which is likely representative of an increased presence of proinflammatory tissue‐resident cells such as macrophages.