Several factors may play a role in the response to neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) with CT + ICI or CT alone, including age, race, menopausal status, BRCA1/2 mutation, tumor characteristics such as tumor grade, Ki-67 proliferation index, clinical stage, tumor mutational burden (TMB), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1).7-11. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.