TNF and dengue disease: Overproduction of Pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐alpha), interleukin (IL)‐1, IL‐6, and IL‐8, and the downregulation of anti‐inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐4, IL‐10, IL‐13, and tumor necrosis factor beta (TGF‐beta), can lead to systemic inflammation and vascular damage, worsening the dengue prognosis [12, 13].