Studies have shown that, in melanoma mice, the combination of aerobic exercise and anti-PD-L1 treatment leads to significantly better tumor suppression effects compared to the control grou (Yan et al., 2023); Moreover, studies on a lung cancer mouse model have shown that aerobic exercise can significantly reduce the PD-L1 mRNA levels in lung cancer mice, further improving the expression levels of immune checkpoint proteins in the tumor tissue and intervening in tumor growth (Ge et al., 2022). Here, CD274 is linked to lung cancer.