CD40 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: For example, studies have shown that NPC patients are suitable for immunotherapy for the following reasons: expression of EBV antigen and CD4+/CD8+ T cell target proteins, abundant lymphocyte infiltration, high expression of PD-L1, and the presence of several crucial immune molecules (CD40, CD70, CD80, and CD86) that regulate T-cell activation.35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40 Recently, ICIs targeting PD-1 gradually become a promising treatment approach to improve the prognosis of NPC patients.