Prognostic analysis of 16 common malignant tumor types in the TCGA database demonstrated significant correlations between the expressions of CD3D, CD3E, and CD3G and cancers such as uterine endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, CC, cutaneous malignant melanoma, breast cancer, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (p < 0.05) (Fig. 3). Here, CD3E is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.