Pathogenic feedback loops emerge as α-Syn-TLR2 interactions drive mitochondrial fission and lysosomal alkalinization, while TDP-43 (TAR DNA binding protein) aggregates in PD microglia destabilize SNCA (Synuclein alpha) mRNA and activate RIG-I/MAVS interferon pathways [120,126,127]. Here, SNCA is linked to Parkinson disease.