CXCR4 and renal cell carcinoma: The following proliferation and prognostic markers are frequently used in RCC diagnostics: MKI67, PCNA, MCM2, MCM4, CENPF, CXCR4, and TP53, BCL2, BIRC5, PTEN, NRAS, TSC1, TSC2, and CDKN2A [32,33,34,35,36].