Notably, these inflammatory mediators contribute to chemoresistance through multiple mechanisms: primarily, PI3K/AKT pathway activation upregulates the expression of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs), enhancing drug efflux capacity in tumor cells (10, 11). This evidence concerns the gene ABCG2 and neoplasm.