Secondly, TILs secreted various cytokines, such as Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and TNF-α, which could suppress tumor angiogenesis and compromise tumor metabolic supply, and inhibited tumor-associated immunosuppressive cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and Treg, to restore anti-tumor immune function (57). Here, TNF is linked to neoplasm.