In the training cohort, based on univariate Cox analysis of OS, antiviral therapy (P<0.001), BCLC stage (P<0.001), CPS (P=0.001), preoperative ascites (P=0.045), preoperative INR (P=0.004), preoperative TBIL (P=0.003), preoperative AFP (P<0.001), estimated hepatectomy extent (P<0.001), tumor size (P<0.001), tumor number (P=0.01) and TBS (P<0.001) were identified as risk factors (Table 2). Here, AFP is linked to neoplasm.