Single peripheral administration of the indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) metabolite L-kynurenine induces cognitive deficits similar to those caused by CLP, whereas the IDO inhibitor 1-methyl-D-tryptophan attenuates neuroinflammation by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine release and kynurenine production, thereby protecting against sepsis-induced cognitive deficits in mice (Gao et al., 2016). The gene discussed is IDO1; the disease is Cognitive impairment.