TGFB1 and pulmonary fibrosis: Exosome therapy has been demonstrated to effectively inhibit bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis progression and significantly reduce the expression of β-catenin and cellular senescence markers in mouse models.[25] Moreover, additional research has demonstrated that EVs derived from bronchial epithelial cells can inhibit the TGF-β-WNT signaling pathway, thereby suppressing the development of lung fibrosis.