AKT1 and neoplasm: In glycerophospholipid metabolism, TCR with co-stimulatory signals and IL-2 can activate PI3K, which converts phosphatidylinositol diphosphate (PIP2) to phosphatidylinositol triphosphate (PIP3), which then promotes T-cell proliferation and anti-tumor effects through the PI3K-Akt pathway [293].