In hepatocellular carcinoma, estrogens have been found to up-regulate Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase (LCAT), which promotes high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol uptake via the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and SCARB1 pathways. The gene discussed is LCAT; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.