VHL and hereditary retinoblastoma: For instance, Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) is associated with mutations in BRCA1/2 [29, 30], Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is associated with mutations in the VHL gene [31, 32], and Hereditary Retinoblastoma is associated with mutations in the RB1 gene [33, 34].