DEPDC5 and focal epilepsy: Although the pathologic changes related to amygdala volume increases have yet to be described, many different processes may underlie the documented changes, including gliosis, inflammation, and mTOR pathway activation causing neuronal architecture disruption.36,37 Indeed, recent data demonstrated increased mTOR pathway activity in postsurgery amygdala samples in patients with postconvulsive apnea, and ictal and postictal respiratory alterations have been documented in patients with focal epilepsy due to pathogenic DEPDC5 variants.21,38