TP53 and neoplasm: PNEC-like cells that have lost the function of these two tumor suppressor genes, by expression of short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) specific for RB1 and TP53, can form tumors subcutaneously in immunodeficient mice; however, these tumors grow slowly and do not invade or metastasize, standing in contrast to what is known about the clinical presentation and behavior of SCLC (Budczies et al., 2015).